`package.json` is a file that is used to manage the dependencies of a JavaScript project. It is typically located at the root of a project and contains metadata about the project, including the project's name, version, and a list of the packages that the project depends on.
Here is an example of a `package.json` file:
{
"name": "my-project",
"version": "1.0.0",
"dependencies": {
"react": "^16.13.1",
"lodash": "^4.17.19",
"axios": "^0.21.0"
},
"devDependencies": {
"eslint": "^7.5.0",
"jest": "^26.0.1"
},
"scripts": {
"start": "node index.js",
"test": "jest"
}
}
The `dependencies` field lists the packages that are required for the project to run in production. The `devDependencies` field lists the packages that are only needed for development, such as testing and linting tools. The `scripts` field lists commands that can be run from the command line using `npm run`.
To install the dependencies listed in a `package.json` file, you can run the `npm install` command. This will download and install all of the packages listed in the `dependencies` and `devDependencies` fields and save them to the `node_modules` directory.
You can also use the `npm install` command to install a package and add it to the `dependencies` field of the `package.json` file, like this:
npm install express --save
This will install the `express` package and add it to the `dependencies` field in the `package.json` file.
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